Plugs & Caps

When To Use A Plug Or Cap

A Burnett & Hillman plug or cap is used in hydraulic systems to seal off ports, hoses, or fittings when they are not in use, during maintenance, or to protect the system from contamination.

You would typically use them when:

  • Closing off unused ports on valves, manifolds, or cylinders.
  • Protecting open connections during servicing or storage.
  • Preventing fluid leaks when a line is disconnected.
  • Keeping out dirt, dust, and moisture to avoid contamination.
  • Pressure testing systems, where plugs can temporarily block off sections.
  • In mobile equipment or industrial systems, where durability and reliability are critical.

Burnett & Hillman plugs and caps are used whenever you need to seal, protect, or isolate hydraulic connections - either temporarily during maintenance or permanently for unused ports.

How To Safely Cap Or Plug Off A Hydraulic System

Depressurise the system

  • Switch off the hydraulic pump or power source.
  • Operate the controls to release any residual pressure in the lines.
  • Confirm zero pressure with a gauge if available.

Clean the area

  • Wipe down the connection point to remove dirt, oil, or debris.
  • This prevents contamination from entering the system when capped.

Select the correct plug or cap

  • Match the thread type and size (BSP, NPT, JIC, Metric, etc.).
  • Use only pressure-rated Burnett & Hillman plugs or caps designed for hydraulics - never makeshift items.

Fit the plug or cap

  • Apply the correct sealing method (O-ring, bonded washer, or PTFE tape if tapered).
  • Thread in by hand first to avoid cross-threading, then tighten with the appropriate tool.
  • Do not overtighten, as this may damage threads or seals.

Check the seal

  • If the system is to be re-pressurised, increase pressure gradually and inspect for leaks.
  • If it’s for storage or transport, make sure caps/plugs are firmly seated to keep out dirt and moisture.

Tag if necessary

  • In maintenance settings, mark or tag capped/plugged lines so operators know they’re isolated.

Connecting Threads Guide

Threads That Match Directly:

  • BSPP to BSPP → Seals with a bonded washer or O-ring.
  • BSPT to BSPT → Seals on the threads with PTFE tape or sealant.
  • NPT to NPT → Seals on the threads with PTFE tape or sealant.
  • JIC to JIC → Seals metal-to-metal on the 37° cone seat.
  • ORFS to ORFS → Seals on the O-ring face for a leak-free joint.
  • SAE O-Ring Boss to SAE O-Ring Boss → Seals with an O-ring at the port face.
  • Metric to Metric → Seals with an O-ring or bonded washer.

Sometimes Compatible (with care):

  • BSPT male into BSPP female → Will screw in, but must be sealed with a washer or sealant.
  • JIC and SAE 37° → Often compatible, both use a 37° flare, but check standards before use.
  • JIS BSPP to BSPP → Same thread, but JIS often seals on a 30° cone rather than a washer.

Not Compatible:

  • BSP ↔ NPT → Different angles (55° vs 60°), will not seal reliably.
  • Metric ↔ BSP/NPT → Different thread form, not interchangeable.
  • UNF ↔ BSP/NPT/Metric → Won’t seal unless part of a designed fitting.
  • NPSM ↔ anything else → Only seals with a gasket, not designed for high pressure.

Rule of thumb:

  • Tapered threads (BSPT, NPT) seal on the thread + tape/sealant.
  • Parallel threads (BSPP, Metric, SAE, UNF) need a washer or O-ring.
  • JIC and ORFS seal on the face or cone, not the thread.

 

BSPP

(British Standard Pipe Parallel) 

BSPT

(British Standard Pipe Tapered)

NPT

(National Pipe Taper)

JIC

(Joint Industry Council)

JIS

(Japanese Industrial Standard)

Metric

(mm)

Imperial (")

(UN/UNF/UNC)

SAE

(Society Of Automotive Engineers)

ORFS

(O-Ring Face Seal)

UNF

(Unified Fine Thread)

NPSM

(National Pipe Straight Mechanical)

Thread Form Parallel Tapered Tapered Parallel with 37° Cone BSPP/Metric (Parallel) Parallel Parallel Parallel (UN/UNF) Parallel (UNF) Parallel Parallel
Flank Angle 55° 55° 60° 60° 55°(BSPP) / 60° (Metric) 60° 60° 60° 60° 60° 60°
Sealing Method Washer / O-Ring Thread Interference + PTFE Tape Thread Interference + PTFE Tape 37° Cone Seat (Metal To Metal) Gasket Or 30°/60° Cone Seat Washer / O-Ring Gasket / O-Ring O-Ring Boss O-Ring On The Face Angled Cone Seat / O-Ring Gasket
Standard ISO 228 / BS 2779 ISO 7 / BS 21 ANSI B1.20.1 (USA) SAE J514 (USA) JIS B 0203 / B 2351 ISO 261 / ISO 724 ANSI B1.1 (USA) SAE J1926 SAE J1453 ANSI B1.1 (USA) ANSI B1.20.1 (USA)
Applications  Medium-high pressure hydraulics, pneumatics, water systems; common in UK/European machinery High-pressure pipework (hydraulic, steam, gas, water); widely used in construction High-pressure hydraulics; common in North American equipment  High-pressure hydraulics (up to ~420 bar); mobile plant, aerospace & automotive Medium pressure hydraulics & pneumatics; Japanese/Asian machinery & vehicles Medium-high pressure hydraulics; European industrial, agricultural & mobile equipment

Low Pressure,  for fastening & mechanical joints, not fluid sealing; general engineering & hydraulic systems

High-pressure hydraulics; common in hydraulic blocks, automotive & aerospace Very high pressure, leak-free hydraulics; common in agriculture, construction, heavy plant Medium pressure hydraulics; also used in automotive, aerospace & precision machinery Low-pressure mechanical joints; used in piping, fire protection & water systems

IMPORTANT: The technical data given on this website is for preliminary information purposes only and is published without guarantee. All line drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be regarded as wholly accurate in every detail. We reserve the right to withdraw or to alter the specification of any product without notice. For more information, please consult our Terms of Business.

If you require any further information, our excellent customer service team is here to help so please call us on 01794 835835.

 

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